We propose a method based on harmonic analysis of infinite order, which allows the use of arbitrarily placed microphones.

However, owing to the lack of flexibility in the microphone arrangement, the single spherical array is sometimes impractical for estimating a large region of a soundfield. To reproduce binaural signals from microphone array recordings at a remote location, a spherical microphone array is generally used for capturing a soundfield. These results can be used for more informed beamformer design for BFBR.Ī method of binaural rendering from microphone array signals of arbitrary geometry is proposed. A listening test verifies the perceptual attributes of the methods presented in this study. A simulation study is then presented, based on both a spherical and a planar array, demonstrating the proposed guidelines. In addition, the relation between HOA-based binaural reproduction and BFBR is discussed through analysis based on a spherical array. The effect of head-related transfer function (HRTF) order truncation that occurs when using too many beamformer directions is presented and studied. In particular, the average directivity factor of the microphone array is proposed as a measure for supporting this selection. This paper takes an initial step towards developing a theory for BFBR and develops guidelines for selecting the number of beamformers. While shown to be useful, no comprehensive studies of BFBR have been presented and so its limitations and other design aspects are not well understood.

When a spherical array is not available, beamforming-based binaural reproduction (BFBR) can be used, where signals are captured with arrays of a general configuration. A popular format for spatial audio is higher order Ambisonics (HOA), where a spherical microphone array is typically used to obtain the HOA signals. In recent years, spatial audio reproduction has been widely researched with many studies focusing on headphone-based spatial reproduction. Experimental results including those of listening tests indicate that our proposed method is robust against change in listening position in the recording area. We develop and evaluate a composite microphone array consisting of multiple small arrays. In the synthesis of the estimated soundfield, a spherical-wave-decomposition–based binaural rendering is also formulated to take into consideration the distance in measuring head-related transfer functions. A method of binaural rendering from microphone array signals of arbitrary geometry is proposed.

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